By Andrew Mackinnon
Last updated: 29th September, 2022
No action was taken by the governments of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand from 6th February, 1952 to 8th September, 2022 without the tacit or express approval of Queen Elizabeth II, who exercised authority over these countries by way of their membership to the Commonwealth of Nations, over which Queen Elizabeth II presided as its Head from 6th February, 1952 to 8th September, 2022.