By Andrew Mackinnon

Last updated: 25th May, 2025

Estimated ethnic composition and citizenship composition of Australia…

100.0% – Population of Australia – 27.8 million (largely known)

2.9% – Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (predominantly) – Australian citizens – 0.8 million (largely known)

40.6% – White (predominantly) – Australian citizens – 11.3 million (unknown)

29.5% – Non-white (predominantly) – Australian citizens – 8.2 million (unknown)

11.5% – Jewish (i.e. Edomitish) (predominantly) – Australian citizens – 3.2 million (unknown)

84.5% – All ethnicities – Australian citizens – 23.5 million (largely known)

9.0% – Assumed-non-white (predominantly) – Non-citizens of Australia – Temporary visas – 2.5 million (largely known)

6.5% – Assumed-non-white (predominantly) – Non-citizens of Australia – Permanent residents – 1.8 million (largely known by deduction)

Notes…

The size of the population of Australia in 2025 is estimated to be 27,829,800.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia

There are an estimated 18,432,193 Australian citizens who are eligible to be enrolled to vote in Australian federal elections and Australian federal referendums in 2025.

aec.gov.au/enrolling_to_vote/enrolment_stats/ (halfway down the web page)

Life expectancy in Australia is 83.1 years.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Australia

Since only Australian citizens aged 18 years or over are allowed to vote in Australian federal elections, an estimate of the total number of Australian citizens, including Australian citizens aged less than 18 years, is:

18,432,193 divided by ( 65.1 / 83.1 ) equals 23,528,652

Population and demographic data relating to Australia from 1900 to 2022 is available from:

Australia – Population and Demographic Data – 1900 to 2022